Creation and activity of occupation authorities on the territory of Donbass and the North Caucasus in 1942-1943: comparative analysis
https://doi.org/10.31143/2542-212X-2025-1-135-153
EDN: FSACEN
Abstract
The author examines the common and distinctive properties creating a system of occupation power structures in the territory of Donbass and the North Caucasus in the introduction of the “new order” by German troops in 1942-1943. This article examines the regional aspects of the construction and operation of the system of occupation authorities in the period from 1942 to 1943 on the territory of Donbass (Stalin, Voroshilovgrad regions) and the North Caucasus (southern regions of the Rostov Region, Krasnodar Territory, including the Adygea Autonomous Region, as well as Ordzhonikidze Territory with Circassian and Karachay Autonomous regions, part of the territories of Kabardino-The Balkarian, North Ossetian and Chechen-Ingush Autonomous Soviet Republics). The study covers various aspects manifested in the organization and functioning of the occupation authorities, which makes it possible to understand the specifics of Nazi policy during this period. The author focuses on how various circumstances and specific conditions of the region influenced the creation of occupation authorities and their functioning in war conditions. These findings enable a more detailed study of how local authorities’ systems affect residents.
References
1. BEZYMENSKII A.A. General'nyi plan «Ost»: zamysly, tseli, real'nost' [The Ost Master Plan: plans, goals, reality]. IN: Voprosy istorii. – 1978. – № 5. – P. 74-94. (In Russ.).
2. BISTRA M.A., DOBROV P.V. Sistema obrazovaniya v Donbasse v gody Velikoi Otech-estvennoi voiny [The education system in Donbass during the Great Patriotic War] – Donets'k.: Nord-Pres, 2006. – 273 p. (In Ukr.).
3. BLEIKH N.O. Okkupatsionnaya politika nemetskikh vlastei na Severnom Kavkaze (1942-1943 gg.) [Occupation policy of the German authorities in the North Caucasus (1942-1943)]. IN: Istoriya i sovremennoe mirovozzrenie. – 2020. – № 2. – P. 22-27. (In Russ.).
4. BZHEZINKII Z. Velikaya shakhmatnaya doska: gospodstvo Ameriki i ego geostrategicheskie imperativy [The Great Chessboard: American Dominance and its Geostrategic Imperatives]. – Mos-cow: AST, 2015. – 702 p. (In Russ.).
5. Donetchina v gody Velikoi Otechestvennoi voiny 1941-1945 gg. Izvestnye i neizvestnye stranitsy istorii [Donetsk region during the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945. Famous and unknown pages of history]. – Donetsk: AOZT «Izdatel'stvo «Donetchina», 2008 – 432 s. (In Ukr.).
6. Donetskaya oblast' v gody Velikoi Otechestvennoi voiny (1941-1945 gg.): Sb. dokumentov i materialov [Donetsk region during the Great Patriotic War (1941-1945): Collection of documents and materials]. / Part. Arkh. Donets. obkoma Kompartii Ukrainy, Donets. obl. gos. arkh.; [Sost. A. V. Grushko i dr.]. – Donetsk: Donbas, 1980. – 310 p. (In Russ.).
7. GASANBEKOV Z.N. Severnyi Kavkaz v planakh fashistskoi Germanii. [The North Caucasus is in the plans of Nazi Germany]. IN: ATA HISTORICA: trudy po istoricheskim i obshchestvoved- cheskim naukam. – 2001. – T. 4. – P. 13-15. (In Russ.).
8. GORDIENKO G.M. Obrazovanie i kul'tura v Ukraine v usloviyakh natsistskoi okkupatsii. [Education and culture in Ukraine under Nazi occupation]. IN: Gi-leya: nauchnyi vestnik. – Vip.92.– 2015. – P. 47-52. (In Ukr.).
9. IBRAGIMBEILI KH.M. Krakh Edel'veisa i Blizhnii Vostok. [The collapse of Edelweiss and the Middle East]. – Moscow: Nauka, 1977. – 320 p. (In Russ.).
10. Istoriya gorodov i sel Ukrainskoi SSR: v 26 t. T. 4. Voroshilovgradskaya oblast'. [The history of cities and villages of the Ukrainian SSR: in 26 vols. 4. Voroshilovgrad region] – Red. kollegiya: Sharaev L. G. (pred.) [i dr.]. – Kiev: In-t istorii AN USSR, 1976. – 727 p. (In Russ.).
11. Istoriya gorodov i sel Ukrainskoi SSR: V 26 t. T. 6. Donetskaya oblast'. [The history of cities and villages of the Ukrainian SSR: In 26 vols. 6. Donetsk region] – Red. kollegiya: Er-khov G.P. (pred.) [i dr.]. – Kiev: In-t istorii AN USSR, 1976. – 810 p. (In Russ.).
12. Istoriya Luganskogo kraya: uchebnoe posobie. [The history of the Luhansk region: a text- book]. / A.S. Efremov, V.S. Kurilo, I.Yu. Brovchenko, A.A. Klimov, K.I. Krasil'nikov, V.F. Semis-tyaga, V.I. Podov. – Lugansk: Al'ma-mater, 2003. – 432 p. (In Russ.).
13. Iz otcheta sekretarya Voroshilovgradskogo podpol'nogo obkoma KP(b)U S.E. Stetsenko. 12 fevralya 1943 g.[From the report of the secretary of the Voroshilovgrad underground regional com-mittee of the Communist Party(b), S.E. Stetsenko. February 12, 1943]. IN: Luganskaya arkhivnaya sluzhba. F. 179. Op. 3-OV. D. 7. P. 10-24. (In Russ.).
14. KHAUSKHOFER K., Ratpel' F. Teoriya «zhiznennogo prostranstva». [The theory of "living space"]. – Moscow: Algoritm, 2019. – 240 p. (In Russ.).
15. KOVALEV B.N. Povsednevnaya zhizn' naseleniya Rossii v period natsistskoi okkupatsii. [Dai-ly life of the Russian population during the Nazi occupation]. – Moscow: Molodaya gvardiya, 2011. – 619 p. (In Russ.).
16. LINETS S.V. Severnyi Kavkaz nakanune i v period nemetsko-fashistskoi okkupatsii: sostoy- anie i osobennosti razvitiya (iyul' 1942-oktyabr' 1943 gg.). [The North Caucasus on the eve and dur-ing the Nazi occupation: the state and features of development (July 1942-October 1943)]. / S.I. Linets; Sev.-Kavkaz. nauch. tsentr vyssh. shk., Pyatigor. gos. tekhnol. un-t. – Rostov-on-Don: Izd- vo Sev.-Kavkaz. nauch. tsentra vyssh. shk., 2003. – 563 p. (In Russ.).
17. Luganshchina v gody Velikoi Otechestvennoi voiny. 1941-1945 gg. Sbornik dokumentov i ma-terialov. [Luhansk region during the Great Patriotic War. 1941-1945. Collection of documents and materials]. – Donetsk: Izdatel'stvo «Donbass», 1969. – 386 p. (In Russ.).
18. MALYAVIN D. Plan «Ost» i karmannye kalendari. [Ost plan and pocket calendars]. St. Pe-tersburg. IN: Peterburgskii Kollektsioner. – № 3 (33). – 2005. – P. 23-24. (In Russ.).
19. MIKHNENKO A.M. Donbass v gody Velikoi Otechestvennoi voiny: Monografiya. [Donbass during the Great Patriotic War: A monograph]. – Donetsk: Yugo-Vostok, 2000. – 153 p. (In Russ.).
20. Nemetsko-fashistskii okkupatsionnyi rezhim. (1941-1945 gg.). [The Nazi occupation regime. (1941-1945)]. / Pod obshch. red. prof. E.A. Boltina; In-t marksizma-leninizma pri TsK KPSS. Otd. Istorii Velikoi Otechestv. voiny. – Moscow: Politizdat, 1965. – 388 p. (In Russ.).
21. NESTERENKO V.A. Politika nemetskikh okkupantov v sfere obespecheniya naseleniya pred-metami pervoi neobkhodimosti (na primere oblastei voennoi zony Ukrainy 1941–1943 gg.). [The pol-icy of the German occupiers in the field of providing the population with basic necessities (on the example of the regions of the military zone of Ukraine 1941-1943)]. IN: Sumskii gos-i universitet. – № 2 (40). – 2015. – P. 133-144. (In Russ.).
22. NORBERT M. Norbert M. Vermakht i okkupatsiya (1941-1944): O roli Vermakhta i ego rukovodyashchikh organov v osushchestvlenii okkupatsionnogo rezhima na sovetskoi territorii [The Wehrmacht and the Occupation (1941-1944): On the role of the Wehrmacht and its governing bod-ies in the implementation of the occupation regime on Soviet territory] / Perevod s nemetskogo A.P. Artemova [i dr.]; Pod redaktsiei doktora istoricheskikh nauk, professora A.F. Yudenkova. – Moskva: Voenizdat, 1974. – 386 p. (In German).
23. Prestupnye tseli – prestupnye sredstva: Dokumenty ob okkupatsionnoi politike fashistskoi Ger-manii na territorii SSSR (1941-1944 gg.). [Criminal goals – criminal means: Documents on the occu-pation policy of Nazi Germany on the territory of the USSR (1941-1944)]. / Sost. G.F. Zas-tavenko i dr. – Moscow: Ekonomika, 1985. – 328 p. (In Russ.).
24. TATAROV A.A. Natsistskoe voennoe upravlenie na okkupirovannom Severnom Kavkaze v 1942-1943 gg.: plany i praktiki. [Nazi military administration in the occupied North Caucasus in 1942-1943: plans and practices]. IN: Izvestiya SOIGSI. – № 42 (81). – 2021. – P. 52-60. (In Russ.).
25. TITARENKO D.M. Natsistskaya propaganda v okkupirovannom Donbasse: tseli, sredstva, usloviya deyatel'nosti. [Nazi propaganda in the occupied Donbas: goals, means, conditions of activi-ty]. IN: novye stranitsy istorii Donbassa. – № 1. – 2009. – P. 131-137. (In Ukr.).
26. TITARENKO D.M. Yazyk kak faktor ideologicheskogo vliyaniya i instrument politicheskoi bor'by na territorii Vostochnoi Ukrainy vo vremya natsistskoi okkupatsii. [Language as a factor of ideological influence and an instrument of political struggle on the territory of Eastern Ukraine dur-ing the Nazi occupation]. IN: bor'ba za Ukrainu v 1943-1944 gg.: vlast', vooruzhennye sily, ob-shchestvo. – Kiev, 2014. – P. 400-408. (In Ukr.).
27. Velikaya Otechestvennaya voina 1941-1945 godov: v 12 t. T. 10. Gosudarstvo, obshchestvo i voina. [The Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945: in 12 volumes vol. 10. The State, society and war.]. – Moscow: Kuchkovo pole, 2014. – 862 s. (In Russ.).
28. ZHIROKHOV M.A. Bitva za Donbass. Mius-front. 1941-1943. [The battle for Donbass. Mius is the front. 1941-1943]. – Moscow: Tsentrpoligraf, 2011. – 352 p. (In Russ.).
29. ZHURAVLEV E.I. Kollaboratsionizm, nemetskii «novyi poryadok» i religioznyi vopros na yuge Rossii v gody okkupatsii (1941-1943 gg.). [Collaborationism, the German "new order" and the religious issue in southern Russia during the occupation (1941-1943)]. IN: Vestnik VGU. – 2008. – № 2. – P. 56–61. (In Russ.).
Review
For citations:
Voropai E.S. Creation and activity of occupation authorities on the territory of Donbass and the North Caucasus in 1942-1943: comparative analysis. Kavkazologiya. 2025;(1):135-153. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.31143/2542-212X-2025-1-135-153. EDN: FSACEN
Views:
14
Email this article 