TYPOLOGY OF PLOTS ABOUT NART TOTRESH IN THE ADYGHE EPIC

In the Adyghe epics, the image of the Nart hero Totresh is considered most often in connection with the legend of his duel with the Nart Sosruko. For this reason, he appears to be a character either unambiguously negative, or not definite in terms of evaluation. This impression cannot be dispelled by another epic work, "The Song of the Mighty Narts", in which this hero appears as one of the defenders of the Nart region. Meanwhile, this image is presented in a number of epic legends of the Adygs, and not always in a negative light, although researchers until now have not paid sufficient attention either to this circumstance, or to the hero himself. In this regard, of particular interest are two poetic legends-pshinatls "A lone rider frightening the army" and "Totresh's forked spear", which are brought into consideration for the first time. This circumstance determines the relevance of the topic of this article. The purpose of the study is to give as complete an analytical description of the plot and the main motives of the legends about Totresh as possible, in connection with which, throughout the entire work, the author's focus remains on the analysis of the features of the genesis, evolution and transformation of the main plot-forming elements, the ways of penetration of folklore universals in the noted legends are traced and the types of motives and plots are determined in accordance with the existing indexes (AT, SUS, etc.). Based on the analysis carried out, it is concluded that most of the stories about this character were finally formed at the final stage of the productive period of the Nart epic as a result of the interaction of multi-stage components, which is confirmed by the presence in them of plot-forming motives based on archaic ideas (snake fighting, a fight between a father and a son or a close relative , "Cultural feats", etc.), and motives of a later origin (protection of their land, the cult of strength and nobility and other features of the ideal medieval knight.). The staged position of the artistic image was reflected in its typology and poetic language of legends. The observations made allow us to consider Totresh one of the heroes, whose image is the result of the logical completion of the types of key characters in the archaic epic of the Adygs.

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