On the issue of debt fulfillment in the system of regulation of public relations among the Balkars in the last third of the XIX – early XX century

The article defines the role of debt obligations in the system of regulation of public relations among the Balkarian population of the Nalchik district of the Tersk region in the last third of the XIX – early XX century. For this purpose, the practice of resolving disputes and conflicts on them in the Nalchik Mountain Verbal Court, rural (village) and mediation courts is considered. It was established that at that time, debt obligations of this group of the population arose within the framework of a wide range of property relations (arising from contracts of begenda or ortak; violations of the terms of loans from the Kabardian public sum; non-fulfillment of the terms of contracts for the purchase and sale of land, agricultural products, livestock; violations of the terms of marriage agreements (payment kalyma), etc.). It is concluded that the main form of liability for this category of disputes was material or monetary compensation in an amount equivalent to the damage suffered, which establishes its typological similarity with other groups of public relations regulated at that time on the basis of the norms of customary law of the Balkars.

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