Problems of documenting medieval epigraphic monuments of North Caucasus (using the example of the Karachay-Cherkessian Republic)
https://doi.org/10.31143/2542-212X-2023-2-174-186
EDN: JWCROU
Abstract
The article handles the medieval epigraphic monuments problem using petroglyphs and unidentifiable writings on the territory of the North Caucasus. We consider the main known epigraphic monuments of Karachay-Cherkessia, discovered from the beginning of the 20th century to the present day. The accumulated research experience is considered and the main methods of fixing and documenting the detected objects are characterized. The features of the interpretation of these monuments in the scientific literature and several key methodological problems are identified. Despite the cultural and historical significance of monuments for the region, today the problem of their fragmentation and the lack of a set of monuments in a single information system remains. The need for the use of modern information technology methods for further documentation of monuments and their advantages in the study and classification of inscriptions are being updated.
About the Author
Laura A. Nagoeva
Kabardian-Balkarian Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Kabardian-Balkarian Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences,
Nalchik, Russia.
References
1. ALEKSEEVA E.P. Arkheologicheskie pamyatniki Karachaevo-Cherkesii [Archaeological sites of Karachay-Cherkessia]. – M.: Nauka, 1992. – 216 p. (In Russ.).
2. BAICHOROV S.YA. Naskal'naya panorama rannesrednevekovogo khudozhnika i pistsa [Rock panorama of an early medieval artist and scribe]. In: Voprosy arkheologii i traditsionnoi etnografii Karachaevo-Cherkesii. – Cherkessk: Karachaevo-Cherkes. NII istorii, filologii i ekonomiki, 1987. – P. 5-26. (In Russ.).
3. BAICHOROV S.YA. Petroglify Biichesyna [Petroglyphs of Biychesyn]. In: Voprosy sred-nevekovoi arkheologii Severnogo Kavkaza. – Cherkessk: Karachaevo-Cherkes. NII istorii, filologii i ekonomiki, 1988. – P. 96-141. (In Russ.).
4. BAICHOROV S.YA. Severokavkazskii areal drevnetyurkskoi runicheskoi pis'mennosti [North Caucasian area of ancient Turkic runic writing]: avtoref. diss… k. filol.n. – Moskva, 1977. – 31 p. (In Russ.).
5. BAICHOROV S.YA. Runicheskaya epitafiya u steny Zelenchukskogo (Severnogo) khrama [Runic epitaph at the wall of the Zelenchuk (Northern) temple]. In: V Krupnovskie chteniya po arkheologii Kavkaza. Tezisy dokladov. – Makhachkala: IIYaL Dagestanskogo filiala AN SSSR, 1975. – P. 67-69. (In Russ.).
6. BAICHOROV S.YA. Protobulgarskie epigraficheskie pamyatniki naskal'nykh mogil'nikov Kubano-Terskogo mezhdurech'ya [Proto-Bulgarian epigraphic monuments of rock burials of the Kuban-Tersky interfluves]. In: Problemy istoriko-sravnitel'nogo izucheniya yazykov narodov Ka-rachaevo-Cherkesii. – Cherkessk: Karachaevo-Cherkes. NII istorii filologii i ekonomiki, 1983. – P. 87-129. (In Russ.).
7. BAICHOROV S.YA. Nadpisi Khumarinskogo gorodishcha [Inscriptions of the Khumarinsky settlement]. In: Sovetskaya tyurkologiya. – 1974. – № 4. – P. 89-94. (In Russ.).
8. BIDZHIEV KH.KH. Raskopki gorodishcha Khumara v 1977 g. [Excavations of the ancient settlement of Khumara in 1977]. In: Voprosy srednevekovoi istorii narodov Karachaevo-Cherkesii. – Cherkessk: Karachaevo-Cherk. NII ekonomiki, istorii, yaz. i lit., 1979. – P. 35-62. (In Russ.).
9. BIDZHIEV KH.KH. Khumarinskoe gorodishche [Humarin settlement]. – Cherkessk: Ka-rachaevo-Cherk. otd. stavr. knizh. izd-va, 1983. – 168 p. (In Russ.).
10. VLADIMIROV I.A. Razvaliny starinnogo khrama bliz rechki Amgaty [Ruins of an ancient temple near the Amgata River]. In: Izvestiya Imperatorskoi Arkheologicheskoi komissii. – 1901. – Vyp. 1. – Spb.: tipografiya glavnogo upravleniya udelov. – P. 104-106. (In Russ.).
11. DANILOVA E.N. Abaziny. Istoriko-etnograficheskoe issledovanie khozyaistva i obshchinnoi organizatsii. XIX vek. [Abaza. Historical and ethnographic study of the economy and community organization. XIX century]. – M.: Izdatel'stvo Moskovskogo universiteta, 1984. – 144 p. (In Russ.).
12. KUZNETSOV V.A. Nadpisi Khumarinskogo gorodishcha [Inscriptions of the Khumarinsky settlement]. In: Sovetskaya arkheologiya. – 1963. – № 1. – P. 298-305. (In Russ.).
13. KUZNETSOV V.A. Srednevekovye dol'menoobraznye sklepy verkhnego Prikuban'ya [Medi-eval dolmen-like crypts of the upper Kuban region]. In: Kratkie soobshcheniya Instituta arkheolo-gii. Akademiya nauk SSSR. – Vyp. 85 – M.-L.: Izdatel'stvo AN SSSR, 1961. – 147 p. (In Russ.).
14. KUZNETSOV V.A. Petroglify iz okrestnostei Karachaevska [Petroglyphs from the vicinity of Karachaevsk]. In: Vestnik Vladikavkazkogo nauchnogo tsentra. – 2005. – T. 5. – № 3. – P. 17-21. (In Russ.).
15. KYZLASOV I.L. Runicheskie pis'mennosti evraziiskikh stepei [Runic scripts of the Eurasian steppes]. – Moskva: Izdatel'skaya firma «Vostochnaya literatura» RAN, 1994. – 327 p. (In Russ.).
16. LAVROV L.I. Epigraficheskie pamyatniki Severnogo Kavkaza na arabskom, persidskom i turetskom yazykakh. Nadpisi X-XVII vv. [Epigraphic monuments of the North Caucasus in Arabic, Persian and Turkish. Inscriptions X-XVII centuries]. – Ch. 1 – M.: Nauka, 1966. – 300 p. (In Russ.).
17. LAVROV L.I. Epigraficheskie pamyatniki Severnogo Kavkaza na arabskom, persidskom i turetskom yazykakh. Nadpisi XVIII–XX vv. [Epigraphic monuments of the North Caucasus in Ara-bic, Persian and Turkish. Inscriptions XVIII–XX centuries]. – Ch. 2. – M.: Nuka, 1968. – 248 p. (In Russ.).
18. LAVROV L.I. Epigraficheskie pamyatniki Severnogo Kavkaza na arabskom, persidskom i turetskom yazykakh. Nadpisi X–XX vv. Novye nakhodki [Epigraphic monuments of the North Cau-casus in Arabic, Persian and Turkish. Inscriptions X–XX centuries. New finds]. . – Ch. 3. M.: Nauka, 1980. – 168 p. (In Russ.).
19. LAVROV L.I. Kavkazskie tamgi [Caucasian tamgas]. – Nal'chik: Izdatel'stvo M. i V. Kotlya-rovykh, 2009. – 88 p. (In Russ.).
20. LO IIMK - Leningradskoe otdelenie Instituta istorii material'noj kul'tury [Leningrad branch of the Institute of the History of Material Culture]. - F.35. Petrelevich K.M. Chudesnyi pamyatnik arkheologii Karachaya. (In Russ.).
21. MARKOVIN V.I. K metodike izucheniya smyslovogo soderzhaniya srednevekovykh petro-glifov Severnogo Kavkaza [On the method of studying the semantic content of medieval petro-glyphs of the North Caucasus]. In: Metodika issledovaniya i interpretatsiya arkheologicheskikh materialov Severnogo Kavkaza. – Ordzhonikidze: Ir, 1988.– P.102-123.(In Russ.).
22. MARKOVIN V.I. Naskal'nye izobrazheniya Severnogo Kavkaza i nekotorye problemy ikh v ikh izuchenii (ocherki) [Rock carvings of the North Caucasus and some problems in their study (essays)]. In: Pamyatniki arkheologii i drevnego iskusstva Evrazii. Pamyati V.V. Volkova: sbornik nauchnykh trudov / otv. red. A.N. Gei. – M.: Institut arkheologii RAN, 2004. – P. 52-64. (In Russ.).
23. MARKOVIN V.I. Sentinskii khram i ego izuchenie [Sentinsky temple and its study]. In: Vo-prosy srednevekovoi arkheologii Severnogo Kavkaza. – Cherkessk: Karachaevo-Cherk. NII istorii, fil. i ekon., 1988. – P. 8-32 (In Russ.).
24. MARKOVIN V.I. Srednevekovye naskal'nye izobrazheniya u aula Kumysh [Medieval rock carvings near the village of Kumysh]. In: Voprosy srednevekovoi istorii i kul'tury Karachaevo-Cherkesii. – Cherkessk: Karachaevo-Cherk. NII ekonomiki, istorii, yaz. i lit., 1979. – P. 146-153. (In Russ.).
25. MINAEVA T.M. K istorii alan Verkhnego Prikuban'ya po arkheologicheskim dannym [To the history of the Alans of the Upper Kuban region according to archaeological data]. – Stavropol': knizh. izd-vo, 1971. – 248 p. (In Russ.).
26. MINAEVA T.M. Raskopki gorodishcha Gilyach [Excavations of the ancient settlement Gi-lyach]. In: Arkheologicheskie otkrytiya 1968 goda. – M.: Nauka, 1969. – P. 123-124. (In Russ.).
27. MUDRAK O.A. Osnovnoi korpus vostochnoevropeiskoi runiki [The main corpus of the East-ern European runic]. In: Khazarskii al'manakh / Institut slavyanovedeniya RAN, Institut vos-tokovedeniya im. A. E. Krymskogo NAN Ukrainy, Mezhdunarodnyi Solomonov universitet. – Tom 15. – Moskva: Izdatel'stvo Probel-2000, 2017. – P. 296-416. – EDN YKXYLO. (In Russ.).
28. SYSOEV V.M. Karachai v geograficheskom, bytovom i istoricheskom otnoshenii. [Karachay in geographical, domestic and historical terms]. In: Sbornik materialov dlya opisaniya mestnostei i plemen Kavkaza. – Vyp. 43. – Tiflis: tip. K.P. Kozlovskogo, 1913. – P. 95-105. (In Russ.).
29. TEKEEV G.KH.-U., BIDZHIEV X.X. Ekspeditsiya Karachaevo-Cherkesskogo oblastnogo kraevedcheskogo muzeya [Expedition of the Karachay-Cherkess regional museum of local lore]. In: Arkheologicheskie otkrytiya. – M.: Nauka, 1973. – P. 127-128. (In Russ.).
30. FOMENKO V.A. Khasautskii nekropol' i drugie rannesrednevekovye naskal'nye mogil'niki Severnogo Kavkaza (voprosy kul'turno-etnicheskoi prinadlezhnosti) [Khasautsky necropolis and other early medieval rock burial grounds of the North Caucasus (issues of cultural and ethnic af-filiation)]. In: Obshchestvo: filosofiya, istoriya, kul'tura. – 2016. – № 9. – P. 85-89. – EDN WNIAPV. (In Russ.).
31. KHABICHEV M.A. O drevnetyurkskikh runicheskikh nadpisyakh v alanskikh katakombakh [On the ancient Turkic runic inscriptions in the Alanian catacombs]. In: Sovetskaya tyurkologiya. – № 2. – Baku: AN SSSR; AN Azerbaidzhanskoi SSR, 1970.– P. 64-69. (In Russ.).
32. KHABICHEV M.A. Slovoobrazovatel'nyi i etimologicheskii analiz nekotorykh karach-aevskikh etnonimov [Derivative and etymological analysis of some Karachay ethnonyms]. In: Ak-tual'nye problemy karachaevo-balkarskogo i nogaiskogo yazykov. – Stavropol': Stavropol'skii pe-dinstitut, 1981. – P. 3-50. (In Russ.).
33. SHCHERBAK A.M. O runicheskoi pis'mennosti v Yugo-Vostochnoi Evrope [About runic writing in South-Eastern Europe]. In: Sovetskaya tyurkologiya. – № 4. – Baku: AN SSSR; AN Azerbaidzhanskoi SSR 1971. – P. 76-82. (In Russ.).
34. YATSENKO S.A., ROGOZHINSKII A.E. Neskol'ko zametok o znakakh-tamgakh sarmatov i ikh sosedei [A few notes about the signs-tamgas of the Sarmatians and their neighbors]. In: Ark-heologiya, istoriya, numizmatika, sfragistika i epigrafika. – Nizhnevartovsk: Kimmeriya, 2021. – P. 733-767. (In Russ.).
35.
Review
For citations:
Nagoeva L.A. Problems of documenting medieval epigraphic monuments of North Caucasus (using the example of the Karachay-Cherkessian Republic). E-Journal “Kavkazologiya”. 2023;(2):174-186. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.31143/2542-212X-2023-2-174-186. EDN: JWCROU
Views:
6
Email this article 