METHODOLOGICAL ISSUES OF REGIONAL HISTORY: PRELIMINARY NOTES

The article discusses several issues related to the problems of constructing generalized works on the history of the North Caucasus. The first. It is possible and necessary to solve the conceptual problems of historical Caucasian studies based on a specific cognitive task and type of work, and not only on the substantial characteristics of various theoretical and methodological approaches and the specifics of the subject of study. The second. The central methodological problem of generalizing histories (of the region as a whole or of individual peoples and republics) is the problem of historical synthesis. The third. Historical synthesis, implemented in a generalizing national-regional narrative, has a specific nature and is conditionally defined in this article as “subjective synthesis”. Fourth. One of the prerequisites for achieving the scientific objectivity of generalizing stories is the rational self-reflection of the sociocultural and political actors of the regional historical process at its present stage, which is realized in the theoretical and methodological search of the scientific community. The scientific significance of the solution of this problem is due to the fact that it is necessary for the formation of a synthetic concept of the history of Russia, in which its development as a state, society and civilization will be presented in unity and mutual conditionality; the histories of the peoples of Russia will be presented as complementary in respect to each other and in respect to national Russian history; and convincing grounds will be offered for historical identity and dialogue of the socio-cultural subjects of “current Russian history”, for their orientation in modern world realities, for their conscious choice of a common future.

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