KABARDINO-BALKARIA DURING THE BATTLE FOR THE CAUCASUS (JULY 1942 – JANUARY 1943)

The article examines the activities of military, state and party authorities of Kabardino-Balkaria in the context of the approach of the front. They adopted a number of regulatory documents on the evacuation of the population, equipment, machinery, livestock and raw materials. The analysis of their content and implementation revealed that the measures of state bodies and the military leadership were belated and were not fully implemented. Particular attention is paid to the organization of the evacuation by 46^th army retreating units of workers of the Tyrnyauz tungsten-molybdenum plant and their families, as well as tungsten, molybdenum, livestock and weapons through the Donguz-Orun and Becho passes in the Caucasus. Drawing on the new sources, the total number of evacuated population, equipment, tractors and livestock is defined. The analysis of organization of the underground work and partisan movement in the occupied territory of the republic revealed the causes for their weak effectiveness. It is indicated that these shortcomings in significantly affected the socio-political situation in Kabardino-Balkaria. The combat operations of the units of the 37^th and 9^th Armies on the defense and liberation of the territory of the republic are highlighted. Particular attention is paid to battles in the Elbrus direction.

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