Formal-semantic models of structures with predicates expressed by phraseological units in the Karachay-Balkarian language

The article is devoted to the phraseology of the Karachay-Balkar language, which is a valuable source of information about the culture and mentality of the people. The descriptions of the phraseological plan encode the ideas of society about customs, rituals, morals, behavior, which are associated with traditional archetypal stereotypes of idioethnic orientation. The study of phraseology involves an obligatory analysis of its components in terms of their structural and semantic organization and linguacultural significance. This article examines the valence features of phraseological units. As is known, the issues of phraseology began to be studied relatively late. But in recent years, significant results have been achieved in the study of phraseology. Such issues as the main features of phraseological units, their structural-grammatical and semantic types, stylistic and functional features, varieties of phraseological units according to the degree of semantic fusion of their components, etc. have been covered. But many issues are waiting to be covered, one of which is the formal-semantic analysis of constructions in which the predicate position is occupied by phraseological units. Depending on the valence features of phraseological units, they are divided into single, double, triple and syntactically indivisible units. Single and double constructions are characterized by the highest frequency. Triple and syntactically indivisible units are less frequent. In terms of semantics, communicative units with predicates of state, attitude, evaluation with their subclasses prevail among phraseological constructions. Constructions with phraseological predicates expressing various character traits of a person are also quite common. Sentences with predicates of movement, action, thinking, speech, perception, etc. are characterized by lower frequency.

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